So far, the global economic and geopolitical situation has had a profound impact on the UK stock market. The UK stock market has also experienced a half year full of volatility and uncertainty, but there are also many opportunities and challenges worth paying attention to.

Firstly, from the perspective of the global economic situation in the first half of 2024, the pace of global economic recovery remained slow and uneven. There were significant differences in growth among the major economies, with the US economy showing greater resilience, while the European economy was hit by the double blow of the energy crisis and inflationary pressures. Both the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank have lowered their expectations for global economic growth, which has had a large impact on global stock markets, particularly the UK stock market, which is heavily reliant on foreign trade 

George Rosen Smith analysis changes in US economic policies, especially the monetary policy direction of the Federal Reserve, have a significant impact on global financial markets. The Federal Reserve slowed down the pace of interest rate hikes in the first half of the year, but still maintained a tight stance to cope with stubborn inflationary pressures. This policy has led to a stronger dollar, capital flows to the US market, and capital outflows from emerging markets and European markets.

The slowdown in China’s economy is also a key factor. The Chinese government has taken a series of stimulus measures to deal with the real estate market crisis and weak exports, but the effects have not yet been seen. The slowdown in China’s economy has had a profound impact on global supply chains and raw material markets, and in turn has spread to the UK economy and stock market, which relies on international trade.

 UK domestic economic policy

The UK government has adopted a number of economic policies in the first half of 2024 to stabilize economic growth and control inflation. The Treasury has introduced a series of measures, including tax cuts and increased public investment, to boost domestic demand. The Bank of England has also taken a more cautious approach to high inflation, temporarily maintaining a higher interest rate level to curb price increases (markets.businessinsider.com)​.

These policies had a positive impact on the stock market in the short term, with relatively strong stock performance, particularly in consumer goods and infrastructure-related companies. However, the high interest rate environment put pressure on the real estate market and highly indebted companies, leading to relative weakness in these sectors.

Industry dynamics

From an industry perspective, the British stock market will show significant structural changes in the first half of 2024. The following industries performed well:

1. Technology and Innovation: The technology sector continues to be the focus of investors in 2024. Thanks to the government's technological innovation policies and the global wave of digital transformation, technology companies have gained more investment and development opportunities. The application of artificial intelligence, big data and 5G technology has driven the stock prices of some technology companies to rise sharply.
2. Energy and Environmental Protection: Energy transition and renewable energy investment continue to accelerate in 2024. As global attention to climate change intensifies, investors' interest in renewable energy companies has increased. Offshore wind and solar projects in the UK have attracted a lot of funds, and the share prices of related companies have performed strongly (Al Jazeera)​.
3. nancial services: Despite the unstable global economic situation, the UK financial services industry has remained relatively stable. London's position as a global financial center remains strong, and the expansion of the business of multinational financial institutions and the introduction of innovative financial products have driven the growth of the financial sector.
4. Real estate: The high interest rate environment had a significant impact on the real estate market. While demand for commercial real estate picked up, the residential real estate market, pressured by high borrowing costs, weakened. Investor confidence in real estate stocks declined, resulting in an overall underperformance (JPX).

Market sentiment and investor behavior

Investor sentiment experienced significant volatility in the first half of 2024. Global economic uncertainty and geopolitical risks skewed market sentiment towards conservatism. Investors sought more safe-haven assets, with increased demand for traditional hedges such as gold and government bonds. At the same time, the market's preference for high-growth stocks increased, particularly in the technology and renewable energy sectors (Lazard Asset Management). 

The trading volume and volatility of the UK stock market increased in the first half of the year, reflecting the frequent adjustments and reallocation of assets by investors in an uncertain environment. Both institutional and individual investors showed differences in their market outlook, leading to increased stock market volatility.

Outlook and Conclusion

Looking ahead to the second half of 2024, the UK stock market will continue to face multiple challenges and opportunities. Global economic uncertainty remains, but UK government and central bank policy will continue to seek a balance between stabilizing the economy and controlling inflation. Technological innovation and the energy transition will continue to provide support for the stock market, while the high interest rate environment may put pressure on some sectors.

Investors should pay attention to global economic dynamics, changes in UK domestic policies and industry development trends, and flexibly adjust their investment strategies. Look for structural opportunities amidst uncertainty and pay attention to diversification to reduce risk. The UK stock market may continue to show structural differentiation in the second half of 2024, with sectors such as technology and renewable energy expected to continue to outperform, while highly indebted and interest rate-sensitive sectors need to be treated with caution.

In summary, the outlook for the UK stock market in the second half of 2024 is full of challenges but also full of opportunities. Investors should pay close attention to macroeconomic trends and policy changes, respond flexibly to market fluctuations and seize long-term investment opportunities.